![]() ![]() The bowl that they used for bloodletting or the vessel they used to contain all the leeches they used would be on the top of the pole outside of their shops airing out and advertising their services. The leeches they would have used were Hirudo medicinalis which were medicinal leeches that who expand 10 times their size while ingesting 5ml to 10 ml’s of blood. Sometimes leeches would be used for the bloodletting process. How barbers would do bloodletting during these times was to have a basin to catch the blood and fleams or lancet to cut the vein of the patient and the blood would be expelled out of the patient. While the barber was rvicing the church by cutting their hair in the respectable papal haircut and servicing the Royals of the land with basic medical care from the 12th century, they were also helping the common people with all of their dental, medical and hair styling needs due to their convenience in the neighbourhood. The clergymen can continue with their studies but had to leave the bloodletting to the barbers since the Pope at that time believed that bloodletting would discrete the body in the eyes of the Lord. They were the usually the only option for many people for anything to do with the body since they were the only ones with the sharpest knives and the clearance to help with certain tasks.īloodletting was a common medical procedure that barbers did because in the 12th century Alexander III prohibited priest and monks to do these tasks since he said they were too menial for their duties. ![]() From cutting hair they started to do, bandages, pulling teeth, setting bones, bloodletting and leaching. The barber had once a very important job of being the one stop shop for hair, dental care and medicine. Over the centuries more responsibilities were added onto their daily routine. Since Ancient Egypt and the age of antiquity, barbers were cutting people’s hair. This design reflects back in a time where barber did more than cut hair but were surgeons to some degree. The stripes are white, red and blue on an angle that turns in a cylindrical pole with a bronzed top. ‘Why don’t horseflies land on zebras’ by Tim Caro, Martin How et al in Journal of Experimental Biology.Outside of a barber shop, there are striped barber poles that turn with a swirl design. Professor Caro added: “We know that zebra pelage – fur - is short, enabling horsefly mouthparts to reach the skin and blood capillaries below, which may make them particularly susceptible to fly annoyance, but more important, perhaps, is that the diseases that they carry are fatal to the horse family but less so to ungulates. Now the team want to determine why natural selection has driven striping in equids - the horse family -but not other hoofed animals. The team found little evidence for other issues that they tested, namely polarization or optical illusions confusing accurate landings such as the so-called ‘wagon-wheel effect’ or ‘the barber-pole effect’. Professor Caro added: “This suggests that any hoofed animal that reduces its overall dark outline against the sky will benefit in terms of reduced ectoparasite attack.” In another experiment, they found contrasting stripes attracted few flies whereas more homogeneous stripes were more attractive. All-grey coats were associated with by far the most landings, followed by coats with large black triangles placed in different positions, then small checkerboard patterns in no particular order. The team found that tabanid horseflies are attracted to large dark objects in their environment but less to dark broken patterns. “Is it the thinness of the stripes? The contrast of black and white? The polarized signal that can be given off objects? So we set out to explore these issues using different patterned cloths draped over horses and filmed incoming horseflies.” Prof Caro explained: “We knew that horseflies are averse to landing on striped objects - a number of studies have now shown this, but it is not clear which aspects of stripes they find aversive. ![]() ![]() The research was led by Professor Tim Caro and Dr Martin How both from the University of Bristol’s School of Biological Sciences. The team theorise that the thin back stripes serve to minimise the size of local features on a zebra that are appealing to the biting flies. These characteristics specifically eliminate the outline of large monochrome dark patches that are attractive to horseflies at close distances. Their findings, published today in the Journal of Experimental Biology, reveal that stark black-white distinctions and small dark patches are particularly effective in thwarting horsefly attack. ![]()
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